高熵合金是由多种主要元素组成的新型金属材料，固有的多主元和构型熵高等特点，使其具备诸多优异的力学及物理化学性能，从而引起了研究人员的广泛关注。在低温工程应用方面，高熵合金优异的强塑性、良好的韧性和抗冲击能力、较高的相稳定性等特点使其在深空探测、低温超导、气体工业等领域极具应用前景。本文综述了高熵合金的低温研究进展，详细总结了高熵合金在低温环境的变形机制及强韧化机理，并结合传统低温工程材料的性能对比，展望了高熵合金未来低温工程应用的主要方向。

Owing to the multi-principal element and higher intrinsic configurational entropy, high-entropy alloys exhibit excellent mechanical and physicochemical performance, which has garnered extensive attention from researchers. By virtue of the excellent performances in terms of superior strength, ductility, toughness, impact resistance property, and adjustable phase stability, especially in cryogenic environments, high-entropy alloys have broad application prospects in fields such as deep-space exploration, low temperature superconducting, and the gas industry. In this paper, the deformation and strengthening-toughening mechanisms of high-entropy alloys are summarized by reviewing the cryogenic progress. Furthermore, the promising research directions of high-entropy alloys in cryogenic engineering application combined with the performance of traditional cryogenic materials are also presented.