随着激光技术广泛应用于去除加工、增材制造、军事武器等各大领域，高速气流条件下激光和物质的相互作用成为领域内的关注焦点。其中，高速气流和高能激光联合作用下典型靶板的热力响应特性和破坏行为是其中的重点方向。然而，一方面该问题多物理耦合特征显著，当前仍然缺乏科学合理的表征模型；另一方面受限于试验环境和装备条件，难以针对全尺寸模型来获取足够的实验数据。上述两方面原因导致其中深层次的耦合效应和破坏机理还未被充分认知。基于此，本文重点开展多场耦合条件下金属靶板热力响应特性和相似关系研究，旨在揭示高速气流和高能激光联合作用下金属靶板的多场耦合效应和破坏机理，并建立热力响应相似理论，为激光破坏地面缩比模型试验提供理论依据。主要研究内容如下：

        首先，充分考虑流场、温度场、变形场间的相互作用，构建了高速气流下激光辐照金属靶标发生熔融之前的流-热-固多场耦合模型。基于此耦合模型开展了 不同工况的数值仿真，探究了不同参数对气流和连续激光作用下热力响应特性的影响规律。结果表明：不同于静态条件，气流环境中靶标的激光辐照区域温度呈现不对称分布且有明显尾迹区。此外，来流参数、激光参数及激光作用位置都会对结构的热力响应特性带来显著影响。

        然后，通过方程分析法和量纲分析法分别推导了高速气流条件下激光诱导的热响应及热力响应相似准则。针对热响应，为考虑耦合效应，将切向气流的作用等效为结构的热载荷边界条件，建立了不同温度比例因子条件下的热响应相似律；对于热力响应，为了解决不同相似参数之间的矛盾关系，建立了不同几何参数条件下的热力响应相似关系图谱，为地面缩比试验提供了有力支撑。通过数值仿真方法对所见建立缩比理论进行验证，结果表明：对于缩比模型和原尺寸模型，两者热响应及热力响应时空分布的最大误差都小于5%，验证了所建立相似准则的有效性。

        最后，进一步考虑熔融烧蚀破坏效应，基于VOF模型开展了不同环境条件下激光对金属靶板的熔融破坏行为数值仿真，研究了不同环境中金属结构熔融破坏形貌的动态演化规律，并探讨了影响烧蚀形貌的无量纲参数。结果表明：静态空气条件下，TC4钛合金熔化后的液态金属主要受重力影响向下移动并凝固形成鼓包；高速气流条件下，TC4钛合金烧蚀形貌的演化过程中熔融液滴在尾迹区堆积，而7075铝合金则呈现出撕裂状。此外，缩比模型烧蚀形貌演化趋势与原模型一致。

     With the increasingly application of laser technology in additive manufacturing, welding, directed-energy weapon and other fields, the interaction between laser and matter in high-speed airflow environments has become a major focus. Among them, obtaining the laser induced thermo-mechanical responses and damage behavior under high-speed airflow condition has become an important development trend. However, on the one hand, there is a lack of reasonable characterization model describing the coupling characteristics of multiple physical mechanisms; on the other hand, limited by test environment and equipment conditions, it is difficult to conduct sufficiently large amounts of the full-scale model tests. Therefore, the deep multi-field coupling effect and damage mechanism are not fully understood. Based on that, this paper focus on the study of thermo-mechanical response characteristics and similarity relationship for metal targets under multi-field coupling conditions, aiming to reveal the multi-field coupling effect and damage mechanism of metal targets subjected to laser irradiation and high-speed airflow, and also establish the similarity criteria of thermo-mechanical responses to provide support for the ground scaled model tests. The main work and findings are as follows:

     Firstly, considering the interaction of flow field, temperature field and deformation field, a fluid-thermal-structural coupling numerical simulation model of metal targets subjected to high-speed airflow and laser irradiation is established. Then, several numerical cases are conducted and compared to give the influence law of airflow on laser induced thermo-mechanical responses. The result shows that, different from the static condition, the temperature distribution of the laser irradiation region under airflow condition is asymmetrical and an obvious wake region exhibits. Moreover, the airflow parameters, laser parameters, and laser impact positions all have significant effects on the thermo-mechanical response characteristics.

     After that, by nondimensionalizing governing equations and the dimensional analyses, the similarity criteria for the responses of metal plate subjected to high-speed airflow and laser irradiation are respectively established. As for the thermal response prediction, the effects of the tangential airflow are equivalently converted to the structural thermal load boundary condition, and establish the scaling laws under different temperature scaling factors. As for the thermo-mechanical response prediction, the similarity relationship diagram under different geometric parameters is established, in order to solve the contradiction between different similar parameters. And numerical simulation is used to verify the observed scaling theory, and the results show that errors of the predicted responses between the real and scaled model are less than 5%, which demonstrates the reliability of the similarity criteria.

     Finally, further considering the laser ablation, numerical cases are conducted to reproduce the laser ablation morphology of metal plates in different environments, and the dimensionless parameters affecting the similarity of ablation morphology are discussed. As indicated from the numerical results, under static conditions, the molten liquid metal of TC4 titanium alloy moves down and solidifies to form drum mainly due to the influence of gravity. However, under airflow conditions, the flow of molten TC4 titanium alloy in the wake zone is like slurry flow, while 7075 aluminum alloy exhibits a tearing pattern. In addition, the ablation morphology evolution trend of the scaled model is consistent with that of the full-scale model.